French media: Monkey experiment may solve the mystery of the origin of language Komiks

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Babaylan Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 29 New Media Special Report French media said that experiments show that although the green long-tailed monkeys and long-tailed black-jawed monkeys living on both sides of the continent embarked on different evolutionary paths 3.5 million years ago, they will use the same vocabulary when facing danger.

AFP reported on May 27 that it was published in the UK’s “Natural Ecology” on the same dayThe new study in the journal & Evolution not only illustrates how primates—including humans—cope with threats, but also the basic composition of language itself.

The long-tailed black-jawed monkey living on the East African savannah makes three different calls when it discovers three major natural enemies, leopards, snakes and eagles.

Monkeys who hear the cry but cannot see their natural enemies will respond accordingly: the cry about the leopards will prompt them to climb a tree, the cry about the snakes will prompt them to stand still, and the cry about the eagles will cause them to scan the sky and find a place to hide.

It’s like a sentry shouting, “Don’t move, there’s a snake!” or “Leave the ground, there’s a leopard!”

The study’s lead author and head of the cognitive ethics laboratory at the German Primate Center pointed out that these unique warning calls were discovered 30 years ago, triggering debate about whether it was the original vocabulary.

This also raises questions about its origin. Did the cubs of the long-tailed black-jawed monkey learn these calls by imitating adult monkeys? Or are these calls delivered through genes?

To deepen understanding, Fischer and his colleagues had an ideaKomiks: “We decided to introduce a drone to fly over the green long-tailed monkey community and expose them to potential dangers from the sky that they had never encountered before.”

The drone flew over these defenseless monkeys in about 60 meters of air. The monkeys responded immediately after discovering the drone: they sired and then hurriedly sought cover.

This Komiks call is not only different from the response to a leopard or snake, but is also “surprisingly similar” to the call made by the long-tailed black-jawed monkey in East Africa.

Fischer noted: “Despite the evolutionary differences of 3.5 million years, the call structure has basically not changed.”

In terms of evolutionary biologists, the warning of danger is “highly preserved.”

Kurt Hammerschmidt, also from the German Primate Research Center, said the fact that green long-tailed monkeys respond to Babaylan drones rather than other large birds in the region suggests a subtle but important distinction. “The warning call has nothing to do with the eagle itself. It seems to correspond to a broader category: ‘Flying stuff’.”/p>

To find out what the monkeys learned from the incident where drones flew over, scientists conducted a second experiment a few days later. They hid a megaphone next to a monkey looking for food alone and played back the sound of the drone. “After hearing the sound, the monkey looked up and searched the sky.” The second test showed that just one exposure to the new threat was enough to let the monkeys know the meaning of the warning call, which showed that they had extraordinary adaptability.

The researchers speculated that the sound of monkeys from inherited—and their accompanying meanings—is similar to the sounds made by human babies.

Hamerchmidt said: “When a child is born, he has the innate language ability before he learns to speak, such as moaning, laughing and crying.”

For some reason, humans have learned to transcend these inherent words and make new voices with new meanings. But at all levels of culture and learning, some core reactions that fall into the category of Cinema’s chemical psychology still exist.